Diazepam

Description overdue on 12/16/2014

• Latin name: Diazepam
• ATC code: N05BA01
• Active substance: Diazepam (Diazepam)
• Manufacturer: Alkaloid (Macedonia)

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Diazepam, instructions for use (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Synonyms
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Analogs
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

In 1 tablet contains diazepam 2 or 5 mg, as auxiliary substances: lactose monohydrate . potato starch . calcium stearate .

In Diazepam 1 ampoule contains 2 ml of solution intended for injection - 10 mg. Recipe in Latin: solutie injectabila Diazepam 10 mg, 5 fiolex2ml.

Product form

In a cardboard box in a blister pack, which holds 24 tablets. The vials were produced in blister packs of 5 pieces - in one box 2 blisters.

Pharmacological action

Tranquilizing . miorelaksiruyuschee (skeletal muscle relaxant) gipnosedativny and anxiolytic action.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Diazepam is tranquilizer benzodiazepine Which is capable of potentiating the action of a central γ -aminomaslyannoy acid as the main brake mediator CNS Forming component supramolecular units - receptor complex benzodiazepin-γ -aminomaslyannoy acid   - hlorionofor It is located on the membranes neurons .It Has a selective stimulating action γ-aminobutyric acid   at reticular formation of the brain stem That reduces the excitation cortex . limbic . thalamus and hypothalamus . Myorelaxation effect is realized by the brake mechanism of action on polysynaptic reflexes of muscular tension.

Diazepam is characterized by a dose-dependent effect on the central nervous system: small doses (up to 15 mg per day) has a stimulating effect, whereas high (greater than 15 mg) - sedation.

As for Pharmacokinetics , The oral administration causes absorption 75% of the dose gut , About 98% associated with Diazepam proteins plasma The development of the therapeutic effect occurs at 2-7 days of treatment. Metabolism occurs in the liver, where 99% Diazepam is converted into inactive and active metabolites are capable to penetrate blood-placenta barrier   and in breast milk . Excreted drug in the two phases mainly kidneys (70%), and 10% was excreted in the faeces. The half-life in the first stage is 3 hours, followed by - 48 hours.

Indications

Assign different kind neuroses , Anxiety and alarm . psychopathy . Schizophrenia . insomnia   and other violations sleep . epilepsy . withdrawal syndrome   in chronic alcoholism . spastic condition   and itchy dermatosis And when myositis . bursits . arthritis Accompanied by voltage skeletal muscle . It can be used as a component of combined anesthesia To facilitate labor, in the case of premature birth   and premature placental abruption . tetanus .

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ingredients Diazepam and other benzodiazepines And when hepatic and renal failure . myasthenia , Severe chronic hypercapnia . angle-closure glaucoma   and between pregnancy .

Side effects

Diazepam may cause the following side effects:

• dizziness ;
• hallucinations ;
• drowsiness ;
• slow response;
• oppression of mental and motor activity;
• muscle weakness or ataxia ;
• dry mouth;
• dyspepsia (disruption of the normal functioning of the stomach);
• nausea;
• diarrhea ;
• dyspnea ( breathlessness );
• urinary incontinence;
• bronchospasm ;
• galactorrhea (pathological spontaneous secretion of the mammary glands and the expiry of milk);
• hyperprolactinemia ;
• increase or decrease libido ;
• allergic reactions .

Long-term use can develop   drug dependence And violation memory .

Diazepam, instructions for use (method and dosage)

Adults take Diazepam   w / w, / m . rectally (inside) from 4 to 15 mg per day in two stages, with the maximum daily dose may be less than 60 mg, and only in a hospital. Infants and children older than 6 months can be taken at a dose of 0, 1-0, 8 mg per kg of body weight per day for 3-4 hours. Instructions for use Diazepam suggests intramuscular or intravenous introduction of 10-20 mg multiple relevant indications.

A single dose, frequency and duration of the course must be installed individually. The duration of the course should be as small as possible, for example, treatment insomnia should not exceed a week, anxiety - 8-12 weeks, suggesting a period of gradual dose reduction.

Overdose

Excessive doses of Diazepam can cause development paradoxical excitation , Depression of cardiac / respiratory activity, areflexia, apnea and even whom .

There is a specific antidote - Flumazenil That the mechanism antagonist benzodiazepines .
Treatment: gastric lavage . enterosorbentnye funds . ventilation .

Cooperation

Together with the application:

• Antipsychotics . sedatives . hypnotics . opioid analgesics   Diazepam increases CNS depression of the respiratory center, and is expressed hypotension .
• Tricyclic antidepressants (including Amitriptyline ) May increase the depressant effect on the central nervous system and cholinergic action, increasing the concentration Antidepressants .
• Muscle relaxants - Intensified their action, however, increases the risk of apnea .
• Oral contraceptives   may increase the effects of Diazepam, increasing the risk of bleeding   breakthrough type.
• Bupivacaine . Fluvoksamingm - Possible to increase its concentration in blood plasma.
• Diclofenac - Strengthening dizziness .
• Isoniazid . Paracetamol   - Reducing the excretion of diazepam.
• Carbamazepine . Phenytoin . Rifampicin . Phenobarbital - Accelerates the metabolism and excretion of diazepam.
• Caffeine - Reduction of sedation and possibly anxiolytic action of diazepam.
• Clozapine - The reaction may be severe hypotension, respiratory depression, loss of consciousness.
• Levodopa - Suppression protivoparkinsonovogo action.
• Lithium carbonate   - Recorded case of coma .
• Metoprolol   - May be reduced and the deterioration of psychomotor reactions.
• Theophylline in small doses - a perversion sedative diazepam.
• Cimetidine . Omeprazole . Disulfiram - Increasing the duration of action of diazepam.
• Ethanol -   etanolsoderzhaschie drugs increase CNS depression, mainly impact on the respiratory center, may occur pathological intoxication syndrome .

Terms of sale

If you have a prescription.

Storage conditions

In a dry place protected from the rays of light place, with the ambient temperature 15-25 ° C.

Shelf life

Three years.

Cautions

In the period of treatment is unacceptable use of diazepam alcohol . Regarding driving and control mechanism - it is dangerous, because the drug can cause dizziness . hallucinations   or a general slowing psychomotor .

Synonyms

Apaurin . Valium . Ì . Relium . Seduksen . Sibazon .

During pregnancy and lactation

Diazepam is not recommended during the first trimester of pregnancy, an exception - an urgent need, as the drug can significantly change Heart Rate fetus . The course of treatment during breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Analogs of Diazepam

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Medazepam
• Grandaxinum
• Sibazon
• Seduksen
• Ì
• Lorazepam

Synonyms and analogues, generics - It substitutes the drug, including the most popular: Ì . Giadazepam . Sibazon and other drugs with active substances benzodiazepine.

Reviews of diazepam

Given that self-administration of the drug is categorically unacceptable - especially in pediatric practice, the reviews of diazepam is mainly positive, and note its effectiveness, although many worried a great number of side effects and addiction, as well as a rather complicated withdrawal.

Price diazepam where to buy

Price Diazepam 5 mg (20 pcs.) Is 620 rubles. Buy Diazepam in Moscow can be pre-ordered online pharmacies, delivery by courier - 500 rubles within the Ring Road excluding the cost of the order for 2 hours.

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