Our expert practitioner Natalia Yermolov
Mr. X in bad company
Well, who of us has not happened? We sat at the festive table, drank, ate, and something was wrong - tingling under the right rib, nauseated, and in general somehow feel uncomfortable. I take a pill or two, like everything went. And, by the way, that such may be the very first signals of cholecystitis. This disease is sociable, that is often develops in the presence of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
For example, gastritis, when reduced secretory activity of the stomach; gallstone disease, which interferes with the flow of bile; biliary dyskinesia, and so on.. After forty years, many of us have managed to amass one or the other, here and write off the discomfort to the usual "sores." And what is it all about - cholecystitis?
Popularly speaking, inflammation of the gallbladder. In this small "pouch" collects bile. Once we have something to eat, the bubble contracts and releases bile into the intestine - it is necessary to activate the enzymes involved in the digestion of food. But this simple procedure can be broken - and as soon as problems arise.
Why is that? The reasons - a lot. Emissions bile regulate nervous and endocrine systems, any disruption in their work (due to prolonged stress, metabolic disorders) - and is ready to deal with. Or something is wrong with the bile ducts themselves - for example, they are crushed, gone too, were clogged with stones, and so on. D.
Bile can stagnate during pregnancy (growing uterus puts pressure on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract), due to a sedentary lifestyle, genetic "defects" of the gallbladder - in short, a lot of risk factors.
Stagnant bile infected: it may be bacteria - E. coli, streptococci, staphylococci, and giardia, fungi, viruses. And becomes inflamed. However, it may provoke a toxic substance, e.g., drug overdose, and even allergic processes.
Rush
I do not see acute cholecystitis can not be - it could be a completely independent disease, and can manifest itself as a chronic attack. The most striking of his sign - pain on the right, below the ribs, which often gives up: in the shoulder and neck, shoulder blades. It can be caused by inflammation and obstruction duct stone. In the mouth, there is a sense of bitterness, a metallic taste, sometimes there are belching, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes that does not bring relief, begins swirling in her stomach. Can yellowing skin and mucous membrane of the eye, this is due to the deterioration of bile flow due to blockage of the bile ducts slime. In some patients, constipation alternating with diarrhea, fever, chills begins.
When such symptoms must not tarry, you must immediately call a doctor and do not give up hospitalization: an attack is fraught with dangerous consequences. It can start festering process happen perforation of the gallbladder, causing sepsis and other complications, which dramatically increases the likelihood of death. But even if an attack takes place "softly" (only appears dull and quite tolerant pain), your doctor will still need to go - acute cholecystitis can turn into chronic.
Runs stealthily
Chronic cholecystitis is usually quite long may not manifest itself. Approximately 80% of cases it is associated with the formation of gallstones. This form of the disease called calculous cholecystitis. The characteristic of its manifestation - hepatic colic: pain in the upper abdomen on the right, the stomach swells, there is frequent vomiting, severe weakness.
There is another form of the disease - "acalculous" or, in the language of specialists akuleznaya. Such cholecystitis usually provoke an infection or poor circulation in the gallbladder. Periods of remission in this case replaced exacerbations that can trigger eating disorders, alcohol. The impetus for the exacerbation and can be hard physical work, an acute intestinal infection, hypothermia. Frequent relapses may lead to inflammation of the large intrahepatic ducts. In chronic cholecystitis disrupted the process of digestion and absorption of fat, which leads to intestinal failure, goiter and exacerbation of chronic intestinal diseases.
Looking for details
Do not pull on a visit to the doctor, if from time to time after the meal you are having any discomfort. In principle, after a conversation with the patient, his medical examination it is clear whether or not there are signs of cholecystitis sufferer. But to choose the right treatment, we need the details: it is important to find out what stage of the disease, whether there is a concomitant and so. D.
What does the survey?
- CBC (high levels of leukocytes and ESR indicate inflammation);
- Biochemical analysis of blood, urine;
- Fecal parasites (Ascaris, Giardia often provoke disorder);
- Ultrasound of the abdomen (allows you to see the shape of the gall bladder, a condition of its walls, to establish the presence or absence of the gallbladder and bile duct stones, and see if there is a tumor, and so on. D.);
- Cholecystography - X-ray examination method, which allows to identify the signs of inflammation of the gallbladder (research is not carried out in the period of exacerbation of the disease, as well as during pregnancy).
In some cases, it can be assigned, and additional tests - fibrogastroduodenografiya, diagnostic laparoscopy, imaging.
And as a treat?
In the "hot phase" of the disease when a heavy attack, hospitalization is necessary. The hospital will have an emergency inspection - if not threatening indications (for example, there is a suppurative complications, and so on. D.), Would have to lie down for a few hours on a drip - must be removed intoxication.
The patient was prescribed antispasmodics to relieve pain and increase bile ducts, antibiotics that inhibit bacterial inflammation, intermittent hunger. After removing the pick attack therapy. In severe cases sometimes require emergency surgery to remove the gallbladder.
But to chronicle the most important - to prevent relapse. Therefore, first of all, the doctor prescribes a diet. Should always drink mineral water, take vitamins, especially B and ascorbic acid. Use the tools to stimulate the secretion of bile.
The tone of the gallbladder depends on the way of life - move more. If you have a sedentary job, be sure to start a warm-up: stand up, walk, walk a couple of times per day. At home, not to stay at the computer or TV. To keep the disease under control, twice a year, it is desirable to undergo preventive checkups at the doctor.
When cholecystitis without correction power is indispensable. This, of course, does not mean that all life will have to diet. But to develop their own style of food will have to correct. The main thing - to try to have that normalizes the secretion of bile, sparing the liver and helps the bowel, is not conducive to the formation of reserves of fat and cholesterol. This means: a complete ban on fatty and fried foods, hearty soups, canned foods, sausages, hot sauce and spices, cocoa, chocolate, cakes, pastry; you need to limit the menu to use butter, eggs, garlic, onions, dill and parsley; useful in lean meat and fish, vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products.
Try to drink more if possible, check with your doctor, what to choose mineral water. And, of course, important is the rhythm of power: it is impossible to drive the tea and dinner to catch up. There must be 5 times a day, small portions, slowly and with pleasure. Incidentally, it was fun during and after the meal - the surest indicator that you have no problems with the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
Source
Treatment and prevention
Go back to the main page
No comments:
Post a Comment